Hello Beginners, you should know that nowadays questions related to Environmental Studies are being asked a lot in almost all competitive exams, and this is the most asked in Environmental Studies (in which state the national park or sanctuary is located) etc. So here we are going to tell you about the most important National Parks or Sanctuaries which are asked in competitive exams.
At present, the total number of national parks in India is above 100. It is believed that this number is 105 while the number of sanctuaries is 531, due to which India's name comes in the third largest number of national parks in Asia after China and Thailand. Is. The best time to visit all the national parks in India is from about October to March as the monsoons affect adversely and the forests are quite hot during the summer season.
So the first question comes, what are National Parks? And why national parks are made, what was the reason for making them, etc. will be discussed and where in the state the national park is located.
National Parks are a type of protected areas created by a government to protect and conserve the natural environment and its wildlife. These areas play an important role in the conservation of species biodiversity, ecosystem protection, scientific research, and environmental education and self-defense.
National Parks are those places which are famous for the diversity of unique plants and animals with special natural importance and wildlife resources. These sites are often selected for inclusion because of their natural importance, diversity of flora and fauna, and natural beauty.
National parks usually contain a variety of natural features, including protected lands, protected areas, and natural habitats for wildlife. These areas are managed by Wildlife Management Corporations or Conservation Organizations, which undertake protection, research, management, and environmental education.
National parks are one of the major natural conservation areas around the world and are significantly planned to protect and preserve natural diversity.
There are many important reasons for creating national parks, including nature conservation, biodiversity protection, scientific research, and environmental education. The following reasons make the establishment of a national park most important:
Natural Conservation
The main objective of a National Park is to conserve nature. These sites provide a unique platform to conserve the natural environment and its wildlife.
Biodiversity Protection
Biodiversity of various animals and plants is protected on the basis of diversity in the national park. It also provides possibilities for discovery and research of new species.
Scientific research
National parks provide unique sites for the study of wildlife behavior, natural processes, and their ecosystems. The research here gives new information about natural organisms which helps in their conservation and management.
Environmental Education
National Parks are useful for various education programs, promotion tours, and promotion of environmental sensitivity. Through the activities here, people become aware of the importance of natural conservation.
Community use
National parks also structure the basic community life of the people. These sites help in promoting conservation and environmental awareness in the lives of people living in the park area.
Tourism and leisure activities
National parks are also important places of tourism. These sites provide a means for people to enjoy natural beauty and give them an opportunity to come close to wildlife.
These programs are carried out by the National Parks so that the natural features and the protection of the fauna remain for our future generations.
National parks and wildlife sanctuaries are two different types of protected areas that aim to ensure nature conservation, biodiversity protection, and wildlife management. Although both these types of fields try to achieve similar objectives, they have some key differences:
National Parks | Wildlife Sanctuary |
National parks are specially established for nature conservation. | Wildlife sanctuaries are specially established for the purpose of conservation and management of wildlife. |
These areas are selected on the basis of special natural importance and wildlife habitat. | These areas are often chosen to protect one or more wildlife species, such as Tiger Reserve, Gir Asiatic Lion Reserve, etc. |
National Park is formed for protection as a special type of refuge, that is, all the creatures living in this special refuge area are protected equally. | Wildlife sanctuaries are formed for the protection of any one species or some specific species, that is, they are specific species based protected areas. |
No settlement and human activity is allowed in the national park, not even the grazing of animals or the gathering of wild products. | While human activities are allowed in the wildlife sanctuary. |
Hunting and grazing are strictly prohibited in a national park. | Hunting is prohibited without permission in a wildlife sanctuary, although grazing and movement of cattle are permitted. |
A national park cannot be declared as a sanctuary. | But, a wildlife sanctuary can be converted into a national park. |
Various procedures and rules are set for the management of wildlife in national parks, which are mandatory to be followed. | Wildlife sanctuaries are managed by Wildlife Management Corporations or Conservation Organizations and conduct management, research, conservation, and environmental education. |
These areas are also usually useful for meeting the objectives of environmental education and environmental protection. | Wildlife sanctuaries usually manage the numbers and health of wildlife to ensure their conservation and the protection of their natural habitats. |
Name of State | No. of PAs | Name of Protected Area | Year of Creation | Area (in km2) |
Andhra Pradesh | 1 | Papikonda | 2008 | 1012.8588 |
2 | Rajiv Gandhi (Rameswaram) | 2005 | 2.3952 | |
3 | Sri Venkateswara | 1989 | 353.62 | |
Arunachal Pradesh | 1 | Mouling | 1986 | 483.00 |
2 | Namdapha | 1983 | 1807.82 | |
Assam | 1 | Dibru-Saikhowa | 1999 | 340.00 |
2 | Dihing Patkai | 2021 | 234.26 | |
3 | Kaziranga | 1974 | 889.51 | |
4 | Manas | 1990 | 500.00 | |
5 | Nameri | 1998 | 200.00 | |
6 | Rajiv Gandhi (Orang) | 1999 | 78.81 | |
7 | Raimona | 2021 | 422.00 | |
Bihar | 1 | Valmiki | 1989 | 335.65 |
Chhattisgarh | 1 | Guru Ghasidas (Sanjay) | 1981 | 1440.71 |
2 | Indravati (Kutru) | 1982 | 1258.37 | |
3 | Kanger Valley | 1982 | 200.00 | |
Goa | 1 | Mollem | 1992 | 107.00 |
Gujarat | 1 | Blackbuck (Velavadar) | 1976 | 34.53 |
2 | Gir | 1975 | 258.71 | |
3 | Marine (Gulf of Kachchh) | 1982 | 162.89 | |
4 | Vansda | 1979 | 23.99 | |
Haryana | 1 | Kalesar | 2003 | 46.82 |
2 | Sultanpur | 1989 | 1.43 | |
Himachal Pradesh | 1 | Great Himalayan | 1984 | 754.40 |
2 | Inderkilla | 2010 | 94.00 | |
3 | Khirganga | 2010 | 705.00 | |
4 | Pin Valley | 1987 | 675.00 | |
5 | Col. Sherjung Simbalbara | 2010 | 27.88 | |
Jharkhand | 1 | Betla | 1986 | 226.33 |
Karnataka | 1 | Anshi | 1987 | 417.34 |
2 | Bandipur | 1974 | 872.24 | |
3 | Bannerghatta | 1974 | 260.51 | |
4 | Kudremukh | 1987 | 600.57 | |
5 | Nagarahole (Rajiv Gandhi) | 1988 | 643.39 | |
Kerala | 1 | Anamudi Shola | 2003 | 7.50 |
2 | Eravikulam | 1978 | 97.00 | |
3 | Mathikettan Shola | 2003 | 12.82 | |
4 | Pambadum Shola | 2003 | 1.32 | |
5 | Periyar | 1982 | 350.00 | |
6 | Silent Valley | 1984 | 89.52 | |
Madhya Pradesh | 1 | Bandhavgarh | 1968 | 448.842 |
2 | Dinosaur Fossils | 2011 | 0.897 | |
3 | Fossil | 1983 | 0.27 | |
4 | Pench | 1975 | 292.857 | |
5 | Kanha | 1955 | 941.793 | |
6 | Kuno | 2018 | 748.761 | |
7 | Madhav | 1959 | 375.23 | |
8 | Panna | 1981 | 542.66 | |
9 | Sanjay | 1981 | 464.643 | |
10 | Satpura | 1981 | 528.729 | |
11 | Van Vihar | 1979 | 4.452 | |
Maharashtra | 1 | Chandoli | 2004 | 317.67 |
2 | Gugamal | 1975 | 361.28 | |
3 | Nawegaon | 1975 | 133.88 | |
4 | Pench (Jawaharlal Nehru) | 1975 | 257.26 | |
5 | Sanjay Gandhi (Borivilli) | 1983 | 86.96 | |
6 | Tadoba | 1955 | 116.55 | |
Manipur | 1 | Keibul-Lamjao | 1977 | 40.00 |
2 | Shiroi | 1982 | 100.00 | |
Meghalaya | 1 | Balphakram | 1986 | 220.00 |
2 | Nokrek Ridge | 1997 | 47.48 | |
Mizoram | 1 | Murlen | 1991 | 100.00 |
2 | Phawngpui (Blue Mountain) | 1992 | 50.00 | |
Nagaland | 1 | Intanki | 1993 | 202.02 |
Odisha | 1 | Bhitarkanika | 1988 | 145.00 |
2 | Simlipal | 1980 | 845.70 | |
Rajasthan | 1 | Desert | 1992 | 3162.00 |
2 | Keoladeo Ghana | 1981 | 28.73 | |
3 | Mukundra Hills | 2006 | 200.54 | |
4 | Ranthambhore | 1980 | 282.00 | |
5 | Sariska | 1992 | 273.80 | |
Sikkim | 1 | Khangchendzonga | 1977 | 1784.00 |
Tamil Nadu | 1 | Guindy | 1976 | 2.7057 |
2 | Gulf of Mannar Marine | 1980 | 526.02 | |
3 | Indira Gandhi (Annamalai) | 1989 | 117.10 | |
4 | Mudumalai | 1990 | 103.23 | |
5 | Mukurthi | 1990 | 78.46 | |
Telangana | 1 | Kasu Brahmananda Reddy | 1994 | 1.425 |
2 | Mahaveer Harina Vanasthali | 1994 | 14.59 | |
3 | Mrugavani | 1994 | 3.60 | |
Tripura | 1 | Clouded Leopard | 2007 | 5.08 |
2 | Bison (Rajbari) | 2007 | 31.63 | |
Uttar Pradesh | 1 | Dudhwa | 1977 | 490.00 |
Uttarakhand | 1 | Corbett | 1936 | 520.82 |
2 | Gangotri | 1989 | 2390.02 | |
3 | Govind | 1990 | 472.08 | |
4 | Nanda Devi | 1982 | 624.60 | |
5 | Rajaji | 1983 | 820.00 | |
6 | Valley of Flowers | 1982 | 87.50 | |
West Bengal | 1 | Buxa | 1992 | 117.10 |
2 | Gorumara | 1992 | 79.45 | |
3 | Jaldapara | 2014 | 216.34 | |
4 | Neora Valley | 1986 | 159.8917 | |
5 | Singalila | 1986 | 78.60 | |
6 | Sunderban | 1984 | 1330.10 | |
Andaman & Nicobar Islands | 1 | Campbell Bay | 1992 | 426.23 |
2 | Galathea Bay | 1992 | 110.00 | |
3 | Mahatama Gandhi Marine (Wandoor) | 1983 | 281.50 | |
4 | Mount Harriett | 1987 | 46.62 | |
5 | Rani Jhansi Marine | 1996 | 320.06 | |
6 | Saddle Peak | 1987 | 32.54 | |
Jammu & Kashmir | 1 | City Forest (Salim Ali) | 1992 | 9.07 |
2 | Dachigam | 1981 | 141.00 | |
3 | Kazinag | 2000 | 90.88 | |
4 | Kishtwar High Altitute | 1981 | 2191.50 | |
Ladakh | 1 | Hemis | 1981 | 3350.00 |
Source: National Wildlife Database Centre, Wildlife Institute of India - Click
State | National Parks |
---|---|
Rajasthan | 1. Keola Devi National Park 2. Ranthambore National Park 3. Sariska National Park 4. Desert National Park 5. Darrah National Park 6. Ghana Pakshi National Park 7. Keola Devi National Park 8. Tal Chhapar Sanctuary 9. Mount Abu Wildlife Sanctuary |
Madhya Pradesh | 1. Kanha National Park 2. Pench National Park 3. Panna National Park 4. Satpura National Park 5. Van Vihar Park 6. Rudra Sagar Lake National Park 7. Bandhavgarh National Park 8. Sanjay National Park 9. Madhav National Park 10. Kuno National Park 11. Mandla Plant Fossil National Park |
Arunachal Pradesh | 1. Namdapha National Park |
Haryana | 1. Sultanpur National Park 2. Kaleshar National Park |
Uttar Pradesh | 1. Dudhwa National Park 2. Chandraprabha Wildlife Sanctuary |
Jharkhand | 1. Betla National Park 2. Hazaribagh National Park 3. Dhema National Park |
Manipur | 1. Keibul Lamjao National Park 2. Sirohi National Park |
Sikkim | 1. Kangchenjunga National Park |
Tripura | 1. Clouded National Park |
Tamil Nadu | 1. Gulf of Manar National Park 2. Indira Gandhi ( Annamalai ) National Park 3. Plani Hills National Park 4. Mukuruthi National Park 5. Gunide National Park |
Odisha | 1. Bhitarganika National Park 2. Simli National Park 3. Nandankanan National Zoo 4. Chilka Lake Sanctuary |
Mizoram | 1. Mountain National Park 2. Murlen National Park 3. Phangpui National Park 4. Dampha Sanctuary |
Jammu and Kashmir | 1. Dachigram National Park 2. Salim Ali National Park 3. Kistwar National Park 4. Biosphere Reserve, Srinagar |
Ladakh | 1. Hemis National Park (Largest) |
West Bengal | 1. Sundarbans National Park 2. Buxa National Park 3. Jaldhapara National Park 4. Goruwara National Park 5. Singhalila National Park 6. Neora Valley National Park |
Assam | 1. Manas National Park 2. Kaziranga National Park 3. Nameri National Park 4. Orang Park 5. Dibrugarh Shekhowal National Park 6. Dihang Patkai National Park 7. Raimona National Park |
Andhra Pradesh | 1. Kasaru Brahmananda Reddy National Park 2. Indira Gandhi Zoological Park 3. Marugavami National Park 4. Sri Venkateswaram National Park 5. Kavala National Park 6. Nagarjuna Sagar National Park 7. Nelapattu Bird National Park |
Maharashtra | 1. Borivali (Sanjay Gandhi) National Park 2. Chandoli National Park 3. Tabora National Park 4. Guggamal National Park 5. Navagaon National Park 6. Tansa National Park, Thane 7. Melghat National Sanctuary |
Andaman and Nicobar | 1. Saddle Peak National Park 2. Mahatma Gandhi Marine (Wandur) National Park 3. Mount Harriet National Park 4. Rani Jhansi Marine National Park 5. South Button National Park (smallest) |
Himachal Pradesh | 1. Pin Valley Park 2. Great Himalayan National Park 3. Rohalla National Park 4. Kheerganga National Park 5. Seemalabara National Park |
Gujarat | 1. Gir National Park 2. Marine National Park 3. Black Book National Park 4. Gulf of Kutch |
Uttarakhand | 1. Jim Corbett National Park 2. Valley of Flowers National Park 3. Nanda Devi National Park 4. Rajaji National Park 5. Govind Pasu Vihar National Park 6. Gangotri National Park |
Chattisgarh | 1. Kanger Valley National Park 2. Indravati National Park 3. Guru Ghasidas (Sanjay) National Park |
Kerala | 1. Silent Valley National Park 2. Periyar National Park 3. Mathiketan National Park 4. Annamudai National Park 5. Ernakulam National Park |
Karnataka | 1. Bandipur National Park 2. Nagarhole (Rajiv Gandhi) National Park 3. Ansi National Park 4. Bannerghatla National Park 5. Kudurmukh National Park 6. Tungabhadra National Park |
Punjab | 1. Harikai Wetland National Park |
Telangana | 1. Mahavir Harina Vanasthali National Park 2. Kinnerasani Sanctuary |
Goa | 1. Salim Ali Bird Sanctuary 2. Netravali Wildlife Park 3. Chaura National Park 4. Bhagwan Mahavir National Park |
Bihar | 1. Valmiki National Park 2. Vikramsila Gangetic Dolphin Sanctuary 3. Kanwar Lake Bird Sanctuary |
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